HDF vs MDF Wood | The Difference | Comparison

High-density fibreboard (HDF) and medium-density fibreboard (MDF) are two popular materials used in the construction of furniture and interior design projects. These materials are composed of wood fibres that are compressed and bonded with resins, resulting in a versatile and cost-effective material that can be used in a variety of applications. 

Despite their similarities, there are important differences between HDF and MDF that can impact their performance and suitability for different projects. Let’s explore the characteristics of each material, compare HDF vs MDF, and provide guidance on which material may be the best fit for your specific needs.

What is HDF?

High-Density Fibreboard (HDF) is a type of fibreboard that is made from wood fibres that have been compressed at high pressure and temperature, resulting in a dense and uniform board. 

The fibres used in HDF are smaller and more tightly compacted than those used in MDF, resulting in a board that is denser and stronger than MDF. HDF is typically made from hardwood or softwood fibres, with the addition of a binder such as urea-formaldehyde resin to hold the fibres together.

HDF has several advantages over other types of fibreboard, including its high density and strength, as well as its resistance to moisture and warping. HDF is also less prone to chipping or splintering than other types of fibreboard, making it a popular choice for applications where a smooth surface is required. 

Due to its strength and durability, HDF is commonly used in applications such as flooring, furniture, and mouldings. Additionally, HDF is a popular choice for laminated flooring because of its ability to withstand high foot traffic and resist wear and tear. HDF tends to have a density of around 900kg/m3.

Overall, HDF is a versatile material that is well-suited for flooring, often being used in laminate flooring. Its strength and smooth surface make it an ideal choice for high-traffic areas and applications where durability is essential. However, most HDF boards on the market today have an 8mm depth and below. Whereas, most skirting boards range between 15mm - 30mm in depth, so HDF sheets wouldn't be suitable for most moulding applications.

What is MDF?

Medium-Density Fibreboard (MDF) is a type of engineered wood product that is made from wood fibres that are compressed and bonded together with resins. MDF is made from smaller and less tightly packed wood fibres than HDF, resulting in a less dense and less strong board. 

MDF is typically made from softwood or hardwood fibres, with the addition of a binder such as urea-formaldehyde resin to hold the fibres together.

MDF has several advantages over other types of wood products, including its smooth surface and consistent density. MDF is also less prone to warping, cracking, and splitting than natural wood, making it a popular choice for applications where a smooth and uniform surface is required. 

MDF is commonly used in applications such as cabinetry, furniture, and decorative mouldings.

One of the main advantages of MDF is its versatility and affordability. MDF is a cost-effective alternative to natural wood products and can be easily painted, stained, or laminated to achieve the desired finish. Additionally, MDF is a more sustainable and eco-friendly option than natural wood, as it is made from recycled or sustainably sourced wood fibres.

Furriness? - Under a magnifying glass you might notice that MDF has a furry texture, these are loose fibres and the board can be sanded down to reduce imperfections. The higher the density of MDF, the lower the furriness. You may notice imperfections when priming and painting your skirting boards if they are not high-quality MDF or not sanded down.

Overall, MDF is a versatile and affordable material that is well-suited for a wide range of applications. Its smooth surface, consistent density, and affordability make it a popular choice for many interior design and furniture projects.

Differences between HDF and MDF

Despite their similarities, there are several key differences between HDF and MDF that can impact their performance and suitability for different applications.

1. Density & Weight

HDF is denser and heavier than MDF due to its smaller and more tightly packed wood fibres. HDF typically has a density of around 50-65 pounds per cubic foot, while MDF has a density of around 30-50 pounds per cubic foot.

2. Strength & Durability

HDF is stronger and more durable than MDF due to its higher density and smaller wood fibres. HDF is less prone to chipping, cracking, and warping than MDF, and is better suited for applications where strength and durability are essential.

3. Moisture Resistance & Swelling

HDF is more resistant to moisture and swelling than MDF, thanks to its higher density and smaller wood fibres. MDF can be prone to swelling and warping when exposed to moisture, which can make it unsuitable for certain applications.

4. Machinability & Finishing

MDF is easier to machine and finish than HDF due to its softer and less dense composition. MDF can be easily cut, drilled, and shaped, and is well-suited for applications where intricate or detailed designs are required. HDF can be more challenging to work with due to its greater density and hardness.

Overall, HDF and MDF have different strengths and weaknesses, and the choice between the two will depend on the specific needs of your project. HDF is better suited for applications where strength and durability are essential, while MDF is a more versatile and affordable option that is well-suited for applications where a smooth and uniform surface is required.

Which is Better: HDF or MDF?

When choosing between HDF and MDF, there are several factors to consider, including the specific needs of your project, the desired finish and appearance, and the overall budget. 

Here are the pros and cons of each material:

High-Density Fibreboard

HDF Pros:

• Higher density and strength than MDF
• More resistant to moisture and warping than MDF
• Well-suited for high-traffic areas and applications where durability is essential
• Ideal for laminated flooring due to its ability to resist wear and tear

HDF Cons:

• More difficult to machine and finish than MDF
• More expensive than MDF

Medium-Density Fibreboard

MDF Pros:

• Versatile and affordable option
• Smooth and uniform surface
• Easy to machine and finish
• Sustainable and eco-friendly option

MDF Cons:

• Less dense and less strong than HDF
• More prone to chipping and warping than HDF
• Unsuitable for high-traffic areas and applications where durability is essential

Conclusion

In general, HDF is a better choice for applications where strength and durability are essential, such as flooring and furniture. MDF is a more versatile and affordable option that is well-suited for applications where a smooth and uniform surface is required, such as cabinetry and decorative mouldings. 

Ultimately, the choice between HDF and MDF will depend on the specific needs of your project and your overall budget.

In conclusion, HDF and MDF are both popular choices for interior design and furniture projects, but there are important differences between the two materials. HDF is denser and stronger than MDF, making it well-suited for high-traffic areas and applications where durability is essential. 

MDF, on the other hand, is a more versatile and affordable option that is ideal for applications where a smooth and uniform surface is required.

When choosing between HDF vs MDF, it is important to consider the specific needs of your project, such as the desired finish, the level of durability required, and your overall budget. While HDF may be more expensive than MDF, it is a better choice for applications where strength and durability are essential. 

MDF is a more affordable option that is well-suited for a wide range of interior design and furniture projects.

FAQ

1. What is HDF (High Density Fibreboard)?

HDF (High Density Fibreboard) is an engineered wood product made from compressed wood fibers, resin, and wax. It has a higher density and is harder than MDF. HDF is commonly used for flooring, cabinetry, furniture, and other applications where durability and strength are required.

2. What is MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard)?

MDF (Medium Density Fibreboard) is an engineered wood product made from compressed wood fibers, resin, and wax. It has a lower density and is softer than HDF. MDF is widely used in furniture making, cabinetry, and other woodworking projects due to its easy workability and smooth surface.

3. What are the main differences between HDF and MDF?

The main differences between HDF and MDF are their density, strength, and hardness. HDF has a higher density, which makes it stronger and harder than MDF. As a result, HDF is more suitable for applications requiring durability and resistance to wear, while MDF is easier to work with and provides a smoother surface for painting or veneering.

4. Is HDF or MDF more expensive?

HDF is typically more expensive than MDF due to its higher density and better durability. However, the exact price difference depends on factors like product quality, brand, and regional market conditions. It's important to consider the specific requirements of your project when choosing between HDF and MDF.

5. Which one is better for furniture: HDF or MDF?

The choice between HDF and MDF for furniture depends on factors like the intended use, budget, and desired appearance. For applications requiring higher strength and durability, such as heavy-duty shelving or cabinets, HDF may be the better option. However, for projects like decorative furniture or pieces that require intricate detailing, MDF may be more suitable due to its easier workability and smoother surface.

Lee Watkinson

Digital Marketing Director at Skirting World with 10 years of experience in Home Interiors & Manufacturing.